• 1640-1642 : Back to Paris under pressure from Louis XIII and Richelieu Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Nicolas Poussin's early biographer was his friend Giovanni Pietro Bellori, who relates that Poussin was born near Les Andelys in Normandy and that he received an education that included some Latin, which would stand him in good stead. Nicolas Poussin was born near the town in Les Andelys in Normandy in 1594. Sa mère est Marie de Laisement (née vers 1560), la fille d'un échevin de la ville et jeune veuve quand elle se marie à Jean en 1592. The works for the Jesuits brought him to the attention of the Italian poet Giambattista Marino, who commissioned a series of drawings based on Ovidian mythology and encouraged Poussin to visit Italy. His work is a salient example of lucid control by the mind over the senses. Nicolas Poussin naît en juin 1594 au hameau de Villers dans l'actuelle commune des Andelys. Above all the painter finds his inspiration in poetic subjects > The Inspiration of the Poet About 1612 Poussin departed for Paris, where he studied anatomy, perspective, and architecture and worked with the minor masters Georges Lallemand and Ferdinand Elle. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Having more or less become a recluse, working more to satisfy his need to paint than to please others, his final works reflect internal soul-searching. Born in or near the town of Les Andelys in Normandy, Poussin received an education in Latin and letters, but early on he showed an inclination for drawing. Biography of Nicolas Poussin. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Depuis 1624, actif aussi en Italie. L'un des plus grands maîtres classiques de la peinture française, génie européen, comme le rappelle l'exposition Nicolas Poussin de 1994 à Paris, à l'occasion de la célébratio… Nicolas Poussin, (born June 1594, Les Andelys, Normandy [France]—died November 19, 1665, Rome, Papal States [Italy]), French painter and draftsman who founded the French Classical tradition. Nicolas Poussin Biography. The composition is stripped back, constructed using horizontals and verticals only. He also comes back to mythological accounts, but from a different perspective: he wishes to express a truth, evoking the major eternal forces. Poussin’s artistic mastery is really revealed in The Empire of Flora, a complex composition painted 1631. He was schooled in many subjects, including Latin and letters, but showed a talent for drawing (he was apparently scolded by his teachers for doodling in his books). • 1642 : Returns to Rome (he does not leave the city again) Inspired by comparable compositions on ancient sarcophagi, this is the first heroic deathbed scene in the artist’s career—and in the entire history of painting—and it spawned countless later imitations. Une image plus petite avec putto musicien se trouvait probablement à gauche de ce fragme… One year later, Pozzo assisted him in securing the commission for The Martyrdom of St. Erasmus, an altarpiece for St. Peter’s. Poussin was born in Normandy, in Les-Andelys, in 1594. Biography; Nicolas Poussin Nicolas Poussin. Omissions? Peintre d'histoire, compositions religieuses, mythologiques, à personnages, ou encore de paysages animés. Another early friend and biographer, André Félibien, reported that "He was busy without cease filling his sketchbooks with an infinite number of different figures which only his imagination could produce." Nicolas Poussin Villers 1594 - Lucina 1665 Nicolas Poussin was born in the Normandy town of Villers-en-Vexin in 1594, where he spent his childhood on his father's farm near the Norman village Les Andelys. Author of. Biographie, portrait pour connaître la vie, naissance et mort d'un personnage historique, de notre histoire, célèbre ou méconnu. Nicolas Poussin est leur fils unique. Poussin was a leading pioneer of the classical French Baroque style. November 1665 in Rom) war ein französischer Maler des klassizistischen Barocks. 1611 MAIN A-Z INDEX - A-Z of ARTISTS. This date represents a turning point: Poussin abandons the search for public orders and their large compositions for Roman churches and palaces to concentrate on medium-sized canvases for a group of very prudent collectors. His clientele changes; from this point on, he seems to depend on a circle of experts, including Commendatore Cassiano dal Pozzo who is collecting documents illustrating life in ancient Rome and calls on artists to draw various accounts of imperial Rome: classical sculpture, ancient architecture. Poussin’s altarpiece did not meet with critical acclaim, however, and it effectively helped to end his career as a public painter in Rome. Biographies, portraits, vie et oeuvre des personnages célèbres ou méconnus de France. Following an illness and a wedding, Poussin abandons the large compositions of public orders to concentrate on medium-sized canvases for his group of very prudent collectors > The Empire of Flora, The rape of the Sabine Women, The Manna, 1st set of Seven Sacraments Nicolas Poussin was a French artist known for his paintings and drawings of Arcadian landscapes and historic narratives. He was the child of a noble family who had fallen on hard times. With Moses saved from the Water, painted in 1651, Poussin succeeds in translating the commotion of the women discovering the child through the contrast of the drapery. 1630 1594, Les Andelys, d. 1665, Roma) in the Web Gallery of Art, a searchable image collection and database of European painting, sculpture and architecture (200-1900) The Landscape with Diana and Orion is an allegory on the origin of clouds. He spent virtually all of his working life in Rome, where he specialized in history paintings—depicting scenes from the Bible, ancient history, and mythology—that are notable for their narrative clarity and dramatic force. Though his reputation was eclipsed in the first half of the 18th century, it enjoyed a spectacular revival later that century in the Neoclassical art of Jacques-Louis David and his followers and has remained high ever since. The original family name was Lavallée, a name of French origin. The result does not necessarily convince everyone, but he succeeds in forming a real circle of admirers who are faithful clients and follow him for what remains of his life. En témoigne l’immense littérature qui lui a été consacrée depuis le 17e siècle. At the end of the 1640s, the landscape becomes the indifferent location of the ephemeral destiny of man (The Funeral of Phocion), rigorously constructed upon an intellectual mode, in opposition with the misfortunes of human destinies. This talent was encouraged by the itinerant painter Quentin Varin, who visited Les Andelys in 1611–12 and became Poussin’s first teacher. 1594 (June) Biography Charles de la Vallée Poussin's father was the professor of mineralogy and geology at the University of Louvain for around 40 years. Returns to Paris in December, under pressure from Sublet de Noyers and, indirectly, Louis XIII and Richelieu. Toward the end of his life, Poussin’s art underwent a further transformation as he diversified to depict landscapes and a group of profoundly pantheistic allegorical works that were ultimately concerned with the order and harmony of nature. Landscapes give new impetus to his creations. Poussin wurde als Sohn eines verarmten Landedelmanns und ehemaligen Soldaten der königlichen Armee geboren. Biography. 1612 Nicolas Poussin - Nicolas Poussin - The final years: Poussin continued to paint three or four pictures a year in the 1650s, despite being increasingly ill. Born near Les Andelys (Normandy, France). Vie et oeuvre du peintre Nicolas Poussin. However, an increasing level of skill in draftsmanship and use of colour in the large number of paintings datable to this period have led to a general consensus among scholars of the progression of his art between 1624 and 1627. « Cette toile est le plus grand des deux fragments d'une peinture de Poussin. Poussin was born in Normandy, in Les-Andelys, in 1594. After a period of real poverty, he receives several significant orders, including an altarpiece for Saint-Pierre: The Martyrdom of Saint Erasmus, a large-scale work which is not very well received. Nicolas Poussin was a famous French painter and draftsman who became a central figure of the Roman and European art in the seventeenth century. • 1624 : Arrives in Rome, 1st significant order for Saint-Pierre. Poussin seeks to translate the emotions of different people through their gestures and facial expressions: the viewer should be able to feel what is felt by each actor and to decipher their role in history (The rape of the Sabine Women, The Israelites Gathering the Manna in the Desert). Courte biographie de Nicolas Poussin : les dates clés • 1594 : Naissance près des Andelys (Normandie, France) • 1624 : Arrivée à Rome, 1ère commande importante pour Saint-Pierre.Le peintre trouve surtout son inspiration dans des sujets poétiques > L’Inspiration du Poète Nicolas Poussin was born near Les Andelys in Normandy where he began his study of art. The Israelites Gathering the Manna in the Desert. • 1650-1665 : The landscape is taking a dominant place in his last compositions, where nature takes on a new character: no longer orderly and subject to the laws of reason but wild, invading the painting where man occupies an increasingly negligible space > The Four Seasons – synthesis of his late style, Landscape with Diana and Orion He is charged with creating two altarpieces, painting two large allegoric canvases for Richelieu and decorating the Grande Galerie of the Louvre Palace, even though he has become used to small canvases. Nicolas Poussin was born near the town in Les Andelys in Normandy in 1594. • 1665 : Dies in Rome. Having worked pretty much all of his life in Rome, Poussin is renowned for his paintings that depicted mythology and ancient history. Most were never finished, but experimented with different variants of the same theme. Nicolas Poussin naît en 1594 en Normandie. Her brother, Gaspard Dughet, eventually became one of the foremost landscape painters of 17th-century Rome and took the surname Poussin from his more-illustrious brother-in-law. Towards 1645, the painter begins to take an interest in landscapes, preserving the mathematical order of The Holy Family on the Steps and applying it to nature, with the whole thing being artfully organised thanks to buildings that geographically organise the space. Nicolas Poussin : biographie, actualités et … Detail from, The Great Bacchanal With Woman Playing A … Histoire France, Patrimoine. About 1622 Poussin executed six large tempera paintings for the Jesuits (none of those survive), and in the following year he received a commission for a painting in a Notre-Dame chapel. Nicolas Poussin’s early biographer was his friend Giovanni Pietro Bellori, who relates that Poussin was born near Les Andelys in Normandy and that he received an education that included some Latin, which would stand him in good stead. Serenity and simplicity are found in his figured scenes, eliminating almost all picturesque detail. Biography of POUSSIN, Nicolas (b. Nicolas Poussin Biography Nicolas Poussin, the greatest French artist of the 17th century, is considered one of the founders of European classicism, a movement in art, based on antique and Renaissance heritage. He later went on to Paris, where he worked under minor artists who painted in a style that combined the Mannerism of the Second School of Fountainbleau with certain aspects of Italian baroque art. In the spring of 1624 Poussin arrived in Rome, where—except for a stay in Paris during 1640–42—he was to remain for the rest of his life. Choosing subjects which allow him to stage large historic scenes, notably from the Old Testament, he balances his compositions more, i.e. A French classical painter, Nicolas Poussin has been an inspiration for countless number of great artists since the 17th century. Required fields are marked *. A short biography of Nicolas Poussin : key dates • 1594 : Born near Les Andelys (Normandy, France) • 1624 : Arrives in Rome, 1st significant order for Saint-Pierre. Above all the painter finds his inspiration in poetic subjects > The Inspiration of the Poet • 1630-1640 : 1st period in Rome. POUSSIN, NICOLAS (1594 – 1665), French painter. Nicolas Poussin [pu'sɛ̃] (* 15. A period when, with access to the royal library, he studies the engraved prints of Raphael and Giulio Romano, statuary and antique patterns and the décor of the Second School of Fontainebleau, drawing on stylistic elements. Until the discovery of The Death of the Virgin, the so-called “Marino drawings” were the only certain works to survive from his pre-Roman years. Poussin served his apprenticeship in Rome by making copies after antiquity and the masters of the Renaissance and by studying the works of the Classicizing artists of his own day, including the Bolognese painter Domenichino. Actif aussi en Italie à partir de 1624. Nicolas Poussin, né le 15 juin 1594 et mort le 19 novembre 1665, est un peintre français du XVIIe siècle, représentant de la peinture française classique. Biographie courte de Nicolas Poussin - Nicolas Poussin est un peintre français du XVIIe siècle, grande figure du classicisme. Ses compositions ont influencé après sa mort de nombreux peintres ; mais aussi certains courants du XXe siècle comme le cubisme. Nicolas Poussin (1594-1665), one of the greatest French painters, rationally synthesized the diverse tendencies of French and Italian art. In these paintings, nature takes on a new character: it is no longer orderly and subject to the laws of reason but wild, invading the painting where man occupies an increasingly negligible space. Nicolas Poussin - retrouvez toute l'actualité, nos dossiers et nos émissions sur France Culture, le site de la chaîne des savoirs et de la création. 1665 (November) 1637 The calmness is accentuated to the extreme; the expression of faces is reduced to a minimum. The Four Seasons (painted between 1660 and 1664 for the Duke of Richelieu) constitute the synthesis of his late style: in a setting emphasising the beauty of nature, the theme of the succession of the season merges with that of hours, periods of human life; the biblical narrative combines with classical mythology in a synthesis between Christianity and paganism. The French Baroquepainter Quentin Varin came across his work whilst passing through Poussin's town and encouraged him to go into p… These works reveal the influence of the art of Venice—which he had visited en route to Rome—in their glowing colourism and loosely constructed compositions. View Nicolas Poussin’s 604 artworks on artnet. Around 1633-1634, his reputation reaches Paris and his paintings are sent by Barberini to Cardinal Richelieu.